极端温度对精确制导弹药命中精度的量化分析方法

刘兆丰; 齐子元; 崔凯波; 李想

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.012

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装备环境工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (9) : 105-114. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.012

武器装备

极端温度对精确制导弹药命中精度的量化分析方法

刘兆丰¹, 齐子元^1,*, 崔凯波¹, 李想²

作者信息 +

Quantitative Analysis Method for Effect of Extreme Temperature on Hit Accuracy of PGMs

LIU Zhaofeng¹, QI Ziyuan^1,*, CUI Kaibo¹, LI Xiang²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的针对精确制导弹药在全寿命周期内经历的复杂温度环境,建立一种量化极端温度对命中精度影响的分析方法。方法建立包含弹体结构、导引头光学窗口及惯性测量单元（IMU）的多物理场耦合有限元分析模型,通过模拟高低温贮存、发射及飞行剖面中的动态气动加热和内部热源等多种热载荷,分析弹药关键部件的瞬态温度场与热变形。重点研究光学窗口和IMU安装基座等精度敏感部件的变形规律,建立部件变形与导引头指向误差之间的量化映射模型。结果在+60 ℃和-40 ℃初始条件下,飞行末端的热致指向误差显著,导致命中精度（CEP）相较于常温基准（5.02 m）分别退化约40%（增至7.03 m）和27%（增至6.38 m）。结论本文提出的量化评估方法,实现了从外部环境到内部变形再到最终作战效能的系统性分析。与稳态分析相比,考虑飞行剖面的动态热载荷分析能更准确地揭示热效应对作战能力的影响。该方法可为精确制导弹药的环境适应性设计、作战包线确定及性能评估提供理论依据和技术支持。

Abstract

The work aims to establish a method for quantifying the impact of extreme temperature on the hit accuracy of precision-guided munitions (PGMs) throughout their life cycle. A multi-physics coupled finite element analysis (FEA) model encompassing the missile body structure, seeker optical window, and inertial measurement unit (IMU) was established. By simulating various thermal loads, including high/low-temperature storage and dynamic aerodynamic heating and internal heat sources during the flight profile, the transient temperature fields and thermal deformations of critical components were analyzed. The study focused on the deformation patterns of accuracy-sensitive parts like the optical window and IMU mounting base, establishing a quantitative mapping model between component deformation and seeker pointing error. The analysis revealed that under +60 ℃ and -40 ℃ initial conditions, the thermally induced pointing error at the end of flight was significant, causing the hit accuracy (CEP) to degrade by approximately 40% (to 7.03 m) and 27% (to 6.38 m) respectively, compared with the room-temperature baseline (5.02 m). The proposed quantitative assessment method achieves a systematic analysis from the external environment through internal deformation to final operational effectiveness. Compared with steady-state analysis, dynamic thermal load analysis considering the flight profile more accurately reveals the impact of thermal effects on combat capability. This methodology provides a robust theoretical basis and technical support for the environmental adaptability design, operational envelope determination, and performance evaluation of PGMs.

导出引用

刘兆丰, 齐子元, 崔凯波, 李想. 极端温度对精确制导弹药命中精度的量化分析方法[J]. 装备环境工程. 2025, 22(9): 105-114 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.012

LIU Zhaofeng, QI Ziyuan, CUI Kaibo, LI Xiang. Quantitative Analysis Method for Effect of Extreme Temperature on Hit Accuracy of PGMs[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2025, 22(9): 105-114 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.09.012

中图分类号： TJ765.4

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